现代学校制度问题研究综述     

陆丽  苏力 《煤炭高等教育》2009,27(1):87-90

在阐述现代学校制度的内涵和问题域的基础上,分析现代学校制度涉及的基本关系,研究现代学校制度的分类、特征、核心与目的、研究方法、路径,进而深层次地分析现代学校制度的制度设计。  相似文献   

基于词向量包的自动文摘方法     

白淑霞  鲍玉来  张晖 《现代情报》2017,37(2):8-13

[目的]利用向量空间描述语义信息,研究基于词向量包的自动文摘方法;[方法]文摘是文献内容缩短的精确表达;而词向量包可以在同一个向量空间下表示词、短语、句子、段落和篇章,其空间距离用于反映语义相似度。提出一种基于词向量包的自动文摘方法,用词向量包的表示距离衡量句子与整篇文献的语义相似度,将与文献语义相似的句子抽取出来最终形成文摘;[结果]在DUC01数据集上,实验结果表明,该方法能够生成高质量的文摘,结果明显优于其它方法;[结论]实验证明该方法明显提升了自动文摘的性能。  相似文献   

AsU-OSum: Aspect-augmented unsupervised opinion summarization     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(1):103138

Opinion summarization can facilitate user’s decision-making by mining the salient review information. However, due to the lack of sufficient annotated data, most of the early works are based on extractive methods, which restricts the performance of opinion summarization. In this work, we aim to improve the informativeness of opinion summarization to provide better guidance to users. We consider the setting with only reviews without corresponding summaries, and propose an aspect-augmented model for unsupervised abstractive opinion summarization, denoted as AsU-OSum. We first employ an aspect-based sentiment analysis system to extract opinion phrases from reviews. Then, we construct a heterogeneous graph consisting of reviews and opinion clusters as nodes, which is used to enhance the Transformer-based encoder–decoder framework. Furthermore, we design a novel cascaded attention mechanism to prompt the decoder to pay more attention to the aspects that are more likely to appear in summary. During training, we introduce a sentiment accuracy reward that further enhances the learning ability of our model. We conduct comprehensive experiments on the Yelp, Amazon, and Rotten Tomatoes datasets. Automatic evaluation results show that our model is competitive and performs better than the state-of-the-art (SOTA) models on some ROUGE metrics. Human evaluation results further verify that our model can generate more informative summaries and reduce redundancy.  相似文献   

An extract-then-abstract based method to generate disaster-news headlines using a DNN extractor followed by a transformer abstractor     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103291

Generating news headlines has been one of the predominant problems in Natural Language Processing research. Modern transformer models, if fine-tuned, can present a good headline with attention to all the parts of a disaster-news article. A disaster-news headline generally focuses on the event, its effect, and the major impacts, which a transformer model lacks when generating the headline. The extract-then-abstract based method proposed in this article improves the performance of a state-of-the-art transformer abstractor to generate a good-quality disaster-news headline. In this work, a Deep Neural Network (DNN) based sentence extractor and a transformer-based abstractive summarizer work sequentially to generate a headline. The sentence extraction task is formulated as a binary classification problem where the DNN model is trained to generate two binary labels: one corresponding to the sentence similarity with ground truth headlines and the other corresponding to the presence of disaster and its impact related information in the sentence. The transformer model generates the headline from the sentences extracted by the DNN. ROUGE scores of the headlines generated using the proposed method are found to be better than the scores of the headlines generated directly from the original documents. The highest ROUGE 1, 2, and 3 score improvements are observed in the case of the Text-To-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) model by 17.85%, 38.13%, and 21.01%, respectively. Such improvements suggest that the proposed method can have a high utility for finding effective headlines from disaster related news articles.  相似文献   

MRC-Sum: An MRC framework for extractive summarization of academic articles in natural sciences and medicine     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(5):103467

Extractive summarization for academic articles in natural sciences and medicine has attracted attention for a long time. However, most existing extractive summarization models often process academic articles with sentence classification models, which are hard to produce comprehensive summaries. To address this issue, we explore a new view to solve the extractive summarization of academic articles in natural sciences and medicine by taking it as a question-answering process. We propose a novel framework, MRC-Sum, where the extractive summarization for academic articles in natural sciences and medicine is cast as an MRC (Machine Reading Comprehension) task. To instantiate MRC-Sum, article-summary pairs in the summarization datasets are firstly reconstructed into (Question, Answer, Context) triples in the MRC task. Several questions are designed to cover the main aspects (e.g. Background, Method, Result, Conclusion) of the articles in natural sciences and medicine. A novel strategy is proposed to solve the problem of the non-existence of the ground truth answer spans. Then MRC-Sum is trained on the reconstructed datasets and large-scale pre-trained models. During the inference stage, four answer spans of the predefined questions are given by MRC-Sum and concatenated to form the final summary for each article. Experiments on three publicly available benchmarks, i.e., the Covid, PubMed, and arXiv datasets, demonstrate the effectiveness of MRC-Sum. Specifically, MRC-Sum outperforms advanced extractive summarization baselines on the Covid dataset and achieves competitive results on the PubMed and arXiv datasets. We also propose a novel metric, COMPREHS, to automatically evaluate the comprehensiveness of the system summaries for academic articles in natural sciences and medicine. Abundant experiments are conducted and verified the reliability of the proposed metric. And the results of the COMPREHS metric show that MRC-Sum is able to generate more comprehensive summaries than the baseline models.  相似文献   

中国足球后备人才培养历史回顾与探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

樊莲香  李有香  王朝晖  谈丰田 《首都体育学院学报》2001,13(4):72-75

通过文献综述，对从新中国成立以来我国足球后备人才培养进行了阐述，对后备人才的培养机构及管理情况进行了分析和探讨，为展望中国足球未来发展提供理论依据和研究参考。  相似文献   

自动文摘综述   总被引：22，自引：1，他引：21  

郭燕慧  钟义信  马志勇  姚均勇 《情报学报》2002,21(5):582-591

本文概述了自动文摘的发展历史和研究状况 ,给出当前自动文摘领域主要的研究方法和策略 ,剖析了它们的优点和不足。进一步结合自动文摘自身的特点和难点 ,提出近期自动文摘的研究重点是基于篇章话语形式的浅层分析方法生成指示型文摘。  相似文献   

豫东花鼓戏源流考     

王敏 《商丘职业技术学院学报》2005,4(6):55-56

花鼓是中国民间歌舞的一种形式，商丘花鼓戏是河南省东部一种戏剧体裁，它源于何时，其发展形势如何无人进行研究，国内出版的词典和志书也没有关于它的文字记裁。“诗言志，歌咏言”商丘花鼓戏是豫东人民语言的延伸与发展，它的节奏、旋律及其所组成的曲调，都有其鲜明的地方特色，她是豫东地区人类发展史上遗留下来的一份宝贵文化遗产。为此就它的分布情况，演员与班社、花鼓戏音乐及其源流进行较为详细地介绍，并对它的形成与发展进行了逻辑的分析和探讨。  相似文献   

网络文化适应研究述评   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄李凤  温雪 《开放教育研究》2008,14(4):54-58

现代信息技术正越来越深刻地影响着人们的生活方式和思维方式,随之发展形成了一种新的文化形式——网络文化。探究网络文化的内涵,借鉴跨文化研究的成果,理清影响网络文化适应性的因素,阐明其研究意义和方法,这是保证网络教育教学顺利开展,促进个体在新的文化环境中寻求自身发展亟待解决的问题。本文就国内外关于网络文化及其适应性的研究进行述评,为相关研究提供参考。  相似文献   

科学发展观研究综述     

崔义成  於全收  曾佳蓉 《十堰职业技术学院学报》2006,19(4):16-18

自科学发展观提出以来,理论界对科学发展观的基本内涵与精神实质,对科学发展观提出的时代背景与伟大意义以及如何贯彻和落实科学发展观进行了广泛深入的研究和阐释,形成了一系列研究成果。  相似文献